Case (A) P&IR0077(A) is about the emergence and behaviour of two unions socialist and communist in an American firm of architects and engineers. It raises discussions on several industrial relations, issues, such as union recognition, inter union rivalry, union pressures, management response, etc. The class is expected to think aloud on actions that the management should take if the workers go on an "indefinite" strike. Case (B), which describes the security and preventive steps that the management has taken, is distributed for discussion to the class after Case (A) P&IR0077(A) has been discussed.