The note covers the following three aspects: (i) an account of the evolution of GOI policy on balanced regional development and development of backward areas, and the existing fiscal and financial incentives for the purpose; (ii) some analytical techniques useful for the study of the levels and trends of regional industrial development; and (iii) an outline of the main approaches to regional industrialization. Finally, a few tables and graphs relating the industrial activities with various Indian states are given with a view to discussing the trends against the background provided in the note.