The three cases refer to the problem of apprentice training not covered under the Apprentice Act, 1961. Case (A) relates to the situation where the apprentices in a department were able to produce output equivalent to that of regular employees but they were paid only a fixed stipend. The regular employees did not allow the apprentices to achieve the rate of efficiency that would have given them an opportunity to become regular employees of the company. Case (B) provides the judgement of the labour court, which defined the concept of employees and its application to apprentices. Case (C) shows the effect of the judgement on the company policy of measuring the productivity and promoting the apprentices to full employee status.